Essential Words for the TOEFL

[*زهره*]

energetic ​

adj. full of life, action, or power
n. energy
adv. energetically
Syn. vigorous
​

Sam hasn't been as energetic as he usually is.
There's a lot of energy in these batteries.​

 

[*زهره*]

frail ​

adj. weak in health or in body
Syn. fragile
​

The frail wings of the newborn bird could not lift it off the ground.
One of the frailties of human beings is laziness.
disease had left the old man frail
She is now eighty, and becoming too frail to live alone.
​

 

[*زهره*]

refine ​

v. to make pure, to improve
n. refinement
adj. refined
Syn. perfect
​

Factories must to refine oil before it can be used as fuel.
A squirt of lime juice is the perfect refinement to cola.
Car makers are constantly refining their designs.
oil refining​

 

[*زهره*]

worthwhile​

adj. value in doing something
if something is worthwhile, it is important or useful, or you gain something from it
Syn. rewarding
​

It was worthwhile waiting 10 hours in line for the tickets.
a worthwhile charity to contribute to
We had a long wait, but it was worthwhile because we got the tickets.
He wanted to do a worthwhile job.
We decided to give the money to a worthwhile cause (=one that helps people) .
I thought it was worthwhile to clarify the matter.
It wasn't worthwhile continuing with the project.
​

 

[*زهره*]

Essential Words for the TOEFL- Lesson 2-quiz 1

تا باز شدن آزمون صبور باشید

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[*زهره*]

Essential Words for the TOEFL- Lesson 2-quiz 2

تا باز شدن آزمون صبور باشید
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[*زهره*]

Lesson 3


​

alter ​

v. to change or make different (to make or become different, but without changing into something else)
​

v. altered
n. alteration
adj. alterable
adv. alterably
Syn. modify
​

I Will the starlit alter its course and miss the coast?
Gloria hasn't altered her plans to return to school.​

after the death of his children, he was an altered man
the weather alters from one season to another
Her face hadn't altered much over the years.
The city centre has altered beyond recognition (=changed very much) .
Nothing can alter the fact that the refugees are our responsibility.​

This shirt will have to be altered; it’s too large.
The village hasn’t really altered much since the last time I was there.​

 

[*زهره*]

analyze​

v. to study something carefully, to separate into parts for study

n. analyzed
n. analysis
​

Syn. examine​

Scientists must analyze problems thoroughly.
Analysis of the substance confirms the presence of nitrogen.​

 

[*زهره*]

ancient​

adj. something from a long time ago, very old.
Syn. old
​

Archaeologists analyze ancient civilizations.
Dave found an ancient Roman coin.
​

 

[*زهره*]

annoying​

adj. a slight bother, disturbing to a person

n. annoyance
v. annoy
adv. annoyingly
​

Syn. bothersome​

Mosquitoes can be an annoying part of a vacation at the beach.
She annoyed her parents by coming home late.​

 

[*زهره*]

anticipate ​

v. to think about or prepare for something ahead of time

adj. anticipatory
n. anticipation
​

Syn. predict​

No one can anticipate the results of the games.
They planned their vacation with anticipation.
We don't anticipate any problems.
A good speaker is able to anticipate an audience's needs and concerns.
This year, we anticipate that our expenses will be 15% greater.
It is anticipated that the research will have many different practical applications.​

 

[*زهره*]

conform ​

v. to follow established rules or patterns of, to obey or be in accordance with established rules.

n. conformity behavior
n. conformist
​

Syn. adapt​

Yon must conform to the rules or leave the club.
She has always been a conformist.
You must either conform to the rules or leave the school.
This piece of equipment does not conform to the official safety standards.
Students can be expelled for refusing to conform to school rules.
All new buildings must conform with the regional development plan.
products which conform to international safety standards.​

 

[*زهره*]

detect ​

v. to find out, to observe something

n. detection
n. detective
​

Syn. notice​

He detected a smile on his girlfriend's face.
They are the best detectives on the police force.
Many forms of cancer can be cured if detected early.
Dan detected a change in her mood.
Do I detect a note of sarcasm in your voice?​

 

[*زهره*]

enrich ​

v. to make rich, to make something of greater value, to improve the quality of something, especially by adding things to it
​

n. enrichment
adj. enriching​

adj. enriched​

Syn. enhance​

The fine arts enrich our lives.
The discovery of oil was an enrichment for the country.​

Add fertilizer to enrich the soil.
Education can greatly enrich your life .
Music can enrich your whole life.
This nuclear reactor works with enriched uranium.
a fertilizer that enriches the soil.
curriculum enrichment.​

 

[*زهره*]

intensify ​

v. to make stronger in feeling or quality
to increase in degree or strength, or to make something do this

n. intensity
adj. intense
adj. intensive
adv. intensely
adv. intensively
​

​

Syn. heighten​

The importance of the test will sometimes intensify the nervousness of the students.
The chess match was played with great intensity.
In June the civil war intensified.
His mother's death intensified his loneliness.
The strong wind seemed to intensify the cold.
Efforts to reach the injured men have been intensified because of a sudden deterioration in weather conditions.​

The intensification of the industrial dispute has caused alarm in government circles.
we must intensify our efforts.
their rivalry is intensifying.
separation intensified their love.
the guerrillas intensified their attacks.​

There has always been intense rivalry between New Zealand and Australia.​

 

[*زهره*]

intolerable​

adj. too difficult, bad, annoying etc for you to accept or deal with
​

(difficult or painful to experience, not able to accept different ways of thought or behavior)

n. intolerance
adv. intolerably
adv. intolerantly
adj. intolerant​

Syn. unbearable​

Any opposition to the rules is intolerable.
His boss was intolerant of his tardiness.
intolerable pain/rudeness
an intolerable situation.
his behavior was intolerable.
intolerable pain.
This is intolerable!' exclaimed Sir Rufus.
The pain had become intolerable.​

 

[*زهره*]

observe ​

v. to see and watch carefully, to examine
​

n. observation
n. observer
adj. observant
adj. observable
​

​

Syn. notice​

Human beings like to observe the behavior of monkeys.
I made the observation that you are not happy.​

 

[*زهره*]

ongoing ​

adj. continuing
Syn. current
​

The tutoring project is an ongoing program of the school.
Maintaining roads is an ongoing job.
their ongoing search for a new director.
ongoing negotiations.
The discussions are still ongoing.
ongoing discussions.​

 

[*زهره*]

propose ​

v. to suggest or plan to do something
n. proposal
n. proposition
adj. proposed
​

Syn. suggest​

The governor is going to propose new taxes.
Her proposal was well accepted.
What do you propose we do?
The company has proposed a new formula for settling the dispute.
I wish to propose Charles Robson for membership of the club.
to propose a motion.
I propose delaying our decision until the next meeting/that we delay our decision until the next meeting.​

​

ِCommon Errors
It was proposed all members of the staff to start work an hour earlier.
It was proposed that all members of the staff (should) start work an hour earlier.
propose that someone (should) do something
​

 

[*زهره*]

restore​

v. to give back or bring back something; to return to the original condition
​

n. restoration
adj. restored
Syn. revitalize​

He restored my confidence in hint.
It is a beautiful restoration of the old table.​

the stolen property was restored to its owner
to restore law and order
to restore the factory to profitability
they restored the lost child to her parents.​

 

[*زهره*]

vital​

​

very necessary; of the greatest importance:
adj. of great importance, full of life

n. vitality
adv. vitally
​

Syn. indispensable​

Money is vital to the success of the program.
His intense vitality was easily observable.​

Your support is vital to/for the success of my plan.
It’s vital that we (should) act at once.
Issues of vital national importance.​

 

[*زهره*]

[h=2][/h]

Essential Words for the TOEFL- Lesson 3-quiz 1

تا باز شدن آزمون صبور باشید
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[*زهره*]

[h=2][/h]

Essential Words for the TOEFL- Lesson 3-quiz 2

تا باز شدن آزمون صبور باشید
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[*زهره*]

Lesson 4



​

ambiguous ​

something that is ambiguous is unclear, confusing, or not certain, especially because it can be understood in more than one way

adv. ambiguously
n. ambiguity
​

Syn. vague
opposite. unambiguous​

The men received an ambiguous message from their boss.
His letter was full of ambiguities.
The language in the Minister's statement is highly ambiguous.
​

His role in the affair is ambiguous.
The legislation had been ambiguously worded .​

 

[*زهره*]

apparent ​

adj. easily seen or understood; EVIDENT


adv. apparently
​

Syn. visible​

It was apparent that he needed to rest.
No one apparently knew to solve the problem.
Her anxiety was apparent to everyone.
The reasons for his sudden departure soon became apparent. (=were soon understood)
It’s quite apparent that she has no intention of changing her mind.​

It soon became apparent that we had a major problem.
It is apparent from scientific studies that the drug has some fairly nasty side effects.
It was apparent to everyone that he was seriously ill.
The difference in quality was immediately apparent .​

He left suddenly, for no apparent reason .​

 

[*زهره*]

arbitrary
​

adj. an action or decision made with little thought, order, or reason
decided by or based on chance or personal opinion rather than facts or reason; RANDOM
​

decided or arranged without any reason or plan, often unfairly.​

adv. arbitrarily
n. arbitrariness​

Syn. haphazard​

The teacher arbitrarily decided to give the class a test.
an arbitrary decision.
the arbitrary arrests of political opponents.
I didn’t know anything about any of the books so my choice was pretty arbitrary.
he gave arbitrary orders.
he hired and fired employees arbitrarily
an arbitrary symbol.
an arbitrarily chosen number.
​

 

[*زهره*]

assert​

n. to express or defend oneself strongly, to state positively

adv. assertively
n. assertiveness
n. assertion
adj. assertive
​

Syn. declare​

The government asserted its control over the banking system.
The company president is an assertive individual.
French cooking, she asserted, is the best in the world.
He asserted that nuclear power was a safe and non-polluting energy source.
He asserted her opinions.
Although she was found guilty, she continued to assert her innocence.
The administration has repeatedly asserted that it will not change its policy.
He kept asserting his objection.
​

 

[*زهره*]

astounding​

adj. very surprising, so surprising that it is almost impossible to believe

v. astound
adv. astoundingly
​

​

Syn. astonishing, amazing​

The scientists made an astounding discovery.
The fans were astounded by their team's success.
The news of their divorce astounded me.
An astounding defeat in the election.
We were astounded by his success/astounded to hear that he had won.
The concert was an astounding success.
Astoundingly beautiful scenery.
​

 

[*زهره*]

astute ​

adj. very intelligent, smart

adj. astutely
n. astuteness

​

Syn. perceptive, celever​

​

He was an astute worker, finishing in half the time it took the others to finish.
They astutely determined that there would be no chance to finish on time.
astute investments.
an astute politician.
John astutely foresaw that the price of gold would go up.
​

 

[*زهره*]

authorize ​

v. to give permission or power to do something

​

adj. authorized
n. authority​

Syn. empower
​

Only authorized employees are allowed in the laboratory.
The dean has the authority to resolve academic problem of students.
Who authorized the payment of this bill?
I’ve been authorized (by the court) to repossess this property.
The attack had been authorized by the president.
Who authorized you to...?
He is not authorized to spend the budget as he pleases.​