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[RIGHT][LEFT]استاندارد های مربوط به لوله کشی (پایپینگ ) :[/RIGHT][/LEFT]
[RIGHT][LEFT]· استاندارد API[/RIGHT]
·The American Petroleum Institute (API) :
The Standards referred by Piping Engineers are :
API 5L - Specification for Line Pipe
API 6D - Pipe Line Valves, End Closures, Connectors and Swivels
API 6F - Recommended Practice for Fire Test for valves
API 593 - Ductile Iron Plug Valves - Flanged Ends
API 598 - Valve Inspection and Test
API 600 - Steel Gate Valves
API 601 - Metallic Gaskets for Refinery Piping
API 602 - Compact Design Carbon Steel Gate Valves
API 604 - Ductile Iron Gate Valves - Flanged Ends
API 605 - Large Diameter Carbon Steel Flanges
API 607 - Fire Test for Soft Seated Ball Valves
API 609 - Butterfly Valves
API 1104 - Standard for Welding Pipeline and Facilities [/LEFT]
[RIGHT][LEFT]· استاندارد ASME و ANSI [/RIGHT]
·American National Standard Institute (ANSI) and The American Society for Mechanical Engineers (ASME) :
ANSI B 31.1 - Power Piping
ANSI B 31.2 - Fuel Gas Piping
ANSI B 31.3 - Process Piping
ANSI B 31.4 - Pipeline Transportation System for Liquid Hydrocarbon and other Liquids
ANSI B 31.5 - Refrigeration Piping
ANSI B 31.8 - Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping System
ANSI B 31.9 - Building Services Piping
ANSI B 31.11 - Slurry Transportation Piping System
ANSI B 31.G - Manual for determining the remaining strength of corroded piping - A supplement to ANSI B31 [/LEFT]
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Of the above, the most commonly used code is ASME B 31.3. Refineries and Chemical Plants are designed based on the same. All Power Plants are designed as per ASME B31.1. Other major ANSI / ASME Standards refereed for the piping elements are :
ANSI B 1.1 - Unified Inch Screw Threads
ANSI / ASME B 1.20.1 - Pipe threads for general porposes
ANSI / ASME B 16.1 - Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
ANSI / ASME B 16.3 - Malleable Iron Threaded Fittings
ANSI / ASME B 16.4 - Cast Iron Threaded Fittings
ANSI / ASME B 16.5 - Steel Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
ANSI / ASME B 16.9 - Steel Butt Welding Fittings
ANSI / ASME B 16.10 - Face to Face and End to End dimensions of Valves
ANSI / ASME B 16.11 - Forged Steel Socket Welding and Threaded fittings
ANSI B 16.20 - Metallic Gaskets for Pipe Flanges - ring joint, spiral wound
ANSI / ASME B 16.21 - Non Metallic Gaskets for Pipe Flanges
ANSI / ASME B 16.25 - Butt Welding Ends
ANSI / ASME B 16.28 - Short Radius Elbows and Returns
ANSI / ASME B 16.34 - Steel Valves, Flanged and butt welding ends
ANSI / ASME B 16.42 - Ductile Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings - Class 150# and 300#
ANSI / ASME B 16.47 - Large Diameter Steel Flanges - NPS - 26" to 60"
ANSI / ASME B 18.2 1 and 2 - Square and Hexagonal head Bolts and Nuts (Inch and mm)
ANSI / ASME B 36.10 - Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipes
ANSI / ASME B 36.19 - Welded and Seamless Austinitic Stainless Steel Pipe
American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) : These consist of 16 sections on definitions and classifications of materials of construction and Test methods. Most of the ASTM Standards are adapted by ASME and are specified in ASME Section II. The Section II has four parts.
Part A - Ferrous Materials
Part B - Non-Ferrous Materials
Part C - Welding Materials
Part D - Properties of Materials [/LEFT]
[RIGHT][LEFT]استاندارد انجمن سازندگان شیرآلات و اتصالات صنعتی :[/RIGHT]
MSS-SP-6 : Standard Finishes for contact surface for flanges
MSS-SP-25 : Standard marking system for valves, fittings, flanges
MSS-SP-42 : Class 150 corrosion resistant gate, globe and check valves
MSS-SP-43 : Wrought stainless steel buttweld fittings
MSS-SP-56 : Pipe hanger supports - Material, design and manufacture
MSS-SP-61 : Pressure testing of valves
MSS-SP-67 : Butterfly Valves
MSS-SP-68 : High Pressure off seat butterfly valves
MSS-SP-69 : Pipe hanger supports - selection and applications
MSS-SP-70 : Cast iron gate valves
MSS-SP-71 : Cast iron check valves
MSS-SP-72 : Ball Valves
MSS-SP-78 : Cast iron plug valves
MSS-SP-80 : Bronze gate, globe and check valves
MSS-SP-81 : Stainless steel bonnetless knife gate valves
MSS-SP-83 : Pipe unions
MSS-SP-85 : Cast iron globe valves
MSS-SP-88 : Diaphragm valves
MSS-SP-89 : Pipe hangers and supports - fabrication and installation practices
MSS-SP-90 : Pipe hangers and supports - guidelines on terminology
MSS-SP-92 : MSS valves user guide
MSS-SP-108 : Resilient seated eccentric CI plug valves
BRITISH STANDARDS : In many instances, it is possible to find a British Standard which may be substitutes for American Standards. For example, BS 2080 (British Standard for Face to Face or End to End dimensions of valves) is identical to ANSI/ASME B16.10. Similarly BS 3799 and ANSI/ASME B 16.11 also compare.
There are certain British Standards referred by Indian Manufacturers for Piping and Valves. The most commonly referred British Standards in the Piping Industry are :
BS 10 : Flanges
BS 806 : Pipes and Fittings for Boilers
BS 916 : Black Bolts, Nuts and Screws
BS 970 : Steel for Forging, Bars, Rods, valve steel, etc.
BS 1212 : Specification for Float Operated Valves
BS 1306 : Copper and Copper alooy pressure piping system
BS 1414 : Gate Valves for Petroleum Industry
BS 1560 : Steel Pipe Flanges
BS 1600 : Dimensions of Steel Pipes
BS 1640 : Butt Welding Fittings
BS 1740 : Wrought Steel screwed pipe fittings
BS 1868 : Steel Check Valves for Petroleum Industry
BS 1873 : Steel Globe and Check Valves for Petroleum Industry
BS 1965 : Butt welding pipe fittings
BS 2080 : Face to Face / End to End dimensions of Valves
BS 2598 : Glass Pipelines and Fittings
BS 3059 : Boiler and Superheater Tubes
BS 3063 : Dimensions of Gaskets for Pipe Flanges
BS 3381 : Metallic Spiral Wound Gaskets
BS 3600 : Dimensions of Welded and Seamless Pipes and Tubes
BS 3601 : C.S. Pipes and Tubes for pressure purposes at room temperature
BS 3602 : C.S. Pipes and Tubes for pressure purposes at high temperature
BS 3603 : C.S. and Alloy Steel Pipes and Tubes for pressure purposes at low temperature
BS 3604 : Alloy Steel Pipes and Tubes for high temperature
BS 3605 : SS Pipes and Tubes for pressure purposes
BS 3799 : Socket Weld / Screwed Fittings
BS 3974 : Pipe hangers, Slides and Roller type supports
BS 4346 : PVC pressure pipe - joints and fittings
BS 4504 : Steel, Cast Iron and Copper alloy fittings
BS 5150 : Cast Iron Wedge and Double Disc Gate Valves for general purposes
BS 5151 : Cast Iron Gate (parallel slide) Valves for general purposes
BS 5152 : Cast Iron Globe and Check Valves for general purposes
BS 5153 : Cast Iron Check Valves for general purposes
BS 5154 : Copper alloy Globe, Gate and Check Valves
BS 5155 : Cast Iron and Cast Steel Butterfly Valves for general purposes
BS 5156 : Diaphragm Valves for general purposes
BS 5157 : Steel Gate (parallel slide) Valves for general purposes
BS 5158 : Cast Iron and Cast Steel Plug Valves for general purposes
BS 5159 : Cast Iron and Cast Steel Ball Valves for general purposes
BS 5160 : Flanged Steel Globe and Check Valves for general purposes
BS 5163 : Flanged Cast Iron Wedge Gate Valves for general purposes
BS 5351 : Steel Ball Valves for Petroleum Industry
BS 5352 : Steel Gate, Globe and Check Valves, smaller than 2" NB
BS 5353 : Specifications for Plug Valves
BS 5391 : Specifications for ABS pressure pipes
BS 5392 : Specifications for ABS fittings
BS 5433 : Specifications for underground stop valves for water services
BS 5480 : Specifications for GRP pipes and fittings
BS 6364 : Specifications for Valves for Cryogenic services
BS 6755 : Testing of Valves
BS 6759 : Safety Valves
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