مسابقه علمی *** کی این علف هرز را می شناسه ؟
- شروع کننده موضوع **آگاهدخت**
- تاریخ شروع
چرا کسی نمیگه؟ پس با اجازتون من میگم:
شاخ به سر یا گل آفتاب رو (Ceratocephalus falcatus) از تیره آلاله...
شاخ به سر یا گل آفتاب رو (Ceratocephalus falcatus) از تیره آلاله...
شاخ به سر، گل آفتاب رو (Ceratophalus falcatus)
- یکساله، ارتفاع 15 تا 20 سانتی متر
- ساقه: بدون برگ، برگ قاعده ای متراکم
- گل انتهایی: منفرد
- میوه: فندقه مرکب و استوانه ای شکل در سطح دارای کرک نمدی
- تکثیر: بذر
- علف هرز مناطق خشک، مراتع و مزارع زعفران
ممنون دوست عزیز، این هم سوال بعد...سلام به همگي
استاد مثل هميشه پاسختون صحيح
منتظر سوال شما هستيم
سلام
من خيلي گشتم پيداش نكردم
البته خيلي شبيه salsola است توي عكس دوم هم كنارش علف شور هست،راهنمايي نمي كنيد؟
من خيلي گشتم پيداش نكردم
البته خيلي شبيه salsola است توي عكس دوم هم كنارش علف شور هست،راهنمايي نمي كنيد؟
باسلام، این علف هرز از خانواده میخک (Caryophyllaceae) است و وقتی بزرگتر می شود برگها تبدیل به خار شده حالت توپی و گرد به خود میگیرد، از علفهای هرز مهم مراتع محسوب می شود...
هیچ کدام از این گیاهان نیست!
راهنمایی دوم: شباهت های ظاهری بین این گیاه و گیاه کلاه میرحسن (Acantholimon) از نظر فرم بوته وجود دارد. همچنین از ریشه سائیده شده این گیاه برای شستشوی پشم، رخت و لباس در قدیم استفاده می شده است.
من هم نگفتم از یک خانواده هستند، کلاه میر حسن از خانواده Plumbaginaceae است، شباهت اینها فقط از نظر فرم بوته است. خیر سیلن (کوزه قلیانی) هم نیست. این گیاهانی که شما نام میبرید هیچ شباهتی از نظر حالت توپی بودن با گونه مدنظر من ندارند (هر چند از یک خانواده هستند)! با این همه راهنمایی عجیبه به گیاه نرسیدید!متوجه شباهتشون بودم ولی اون که از خانواده ی دیگه ایه
Silene ؟
Arenaria ؟
یه راهنمایی خیلی تابلو کنم: نام جنس کلاه میرحسن و اون گیاه مورد نظر از خانواده میخک یک مقداری شبیه!
باتاييدات غيبي 
نتيجه بدست آمده به اين شرح مي باشد
نتيجه بدست آمده به اين شرح مي باشد Acanthophyllum spec
بله درسته آفرین، اسم این علف هرز که بیشتر در مراتع دیده می شود چوبک با نام علمی (Acanthophyllum squarrosum) از تیره میخک بود. سوال بعد را لطفا مطرح کنید...باتاييدات غيبي
Acanthophyllum spec
چوبک (Soap root)
گیاه دائمی به صورت بوته های چوبی، برگها تبدیل به خار شده و منظره بالش مانندی دارد. گلها صورتی رنگ می باشد. این گیاه سازش زیادی به خشکی پیدا کرده است. یکی از علفهای هرز مهم در مراتع می باشد و آفت سن گندم زمستان را در زیر این گیاه سپری می کند. درگذشته ريشه هاي ضخيم آن را سائيده و بنام چوبك در پشم شوئي و رختشوئي استفاده می کردند.
گیاه دائمی به صورت بوته های چوبی، برگها تبدیل به خار شده و منظره بالش مانندی دارد. گلها صورتی رنگ می باشد. این گیاه سازش زیادی به خشکی پیدا کرده است. یکی از علفهای هرز مهم در مراتع می باشد و آفت سن گندم زمستان را در زیر این گیاه سپری می کند. درگذشته ريشه هاي ضخيم آن را سائيده و بنام چوبك در پشم شوئي و رختشوئي استفاده می کردند.
سلام به همگي
لطفا بفرماييد اين علف هرز ؟؟
لطفا بفرماييد اين علف هرز ؟؟
زیبا خانم این بار نوبت شماست که این علف هرز که از خانواده شب بو (Brassicaceae) است را جواب بدید...
سلام ببخشيد بي جواب موند
من شب ها ار اينترنت استفاده نميكنم
آفرين بر شما پاسختون صحيح بود
منتظر سوال شما هستيم متشكرم
علف سير
Alliaria petiolata
Garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata) is a biennial flowering plant in the Mustard family, Brassicaceae. It is native to Europe, western and central Asia, and northwestern Africa, from Morocco, Iberia and the British Isles, north to northern Scandinavia, and east to northern India and western China (Xinjiang) In the first year of growth, plants form clumps of round shaped, slightly wrinkled leaves, that when crushed smell like garlic. The next year plants flower in spring, producing cross shaped white flowers in dense clusters. As the flowering stems bloom they elongate into a spike-like shape. When blooming is complete, plants produce upright fruits that release seeds in mid-summer. Plants are often found growing along the margins of hedgerows, giving rise to the old British folk name of Jack-by-the-hedge. Other common names include Garlic Root, Hedge Garlic, Sauce-alone, Jack-in-the-bush, Penny Hedge and Poor Man's Mustard. The genus name Alliaria, "resembling Allium", refers to the garlic-like odour of the crushed foliag
| Garlic Mustard | |
|---|---|
| |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| (unranked): | Rosids |
| Order: | Brassicales |
| Family: | Brassicaceae |
| Genus: | Alliaria |
| Species: | A. petiolata |
| Binomial name | |
| Alliaria petiolata (M.Bieb.) Cavara & Grande |
سلام ببخشيد بي جواب موند
من شب ها ار اينترنت استفاده نميكنم
آفرين بر شما پاسختون صحيح بود
منتظر سوال شما هستيم متشكرم
سلام ممنون
بفرمائین :
(Garlic Mustard (Alliaria petiolata
Description
Garlic mustard is a cool-season biennial herb that ranges from 12 to 48 inches in height as an adult flowering plant. Leaves and stems emit the distinctive odor of onion or garlic when crushed (particularly in spring and early summer), and help distinguish the plant from all other woodland mustard plants. First year plants consist of a cluster of 3 or 4 round, scallop edged leaves rising 2 to 4 inches in a rosette. Second-year plants generally produce one or two flowering stems with numerous white flowers that have four separate petals. Garlic mustard is the only plant of this height in our woods with white flowers in May. Fruits are slender capsules 1 to 2.5 inches long that produce a single row of oblong black seeds with ridged seed coats. Stem leaves are alternate and triangular in shape, have large teeth, and can be 2 to 3 inches across in fruiting plants. Petioles are longer on the leaves towards the base. Garlic mustard can also be distinguished by its uproot, which is slender, white, and "s"-shaped at the top of the root.
Distribution and Habitat
Garlic mustard is an exotic species introduced from Europe presumably by early settlers for its supposed medicinal properties and for use in cooking. It is widely distributed throughout the northeastern and Midwestern U.S. from Canada to South Carolina and west to Kansas, North Dakota, and as far as Colorado and Utah. In Wisconsin, the plant is currently concentrated in the southeastern and northeastern counties, although distribution records indicate its presence is nearly statewideGarlic mustard grows in upland and floodplain forests, savannas, yards, and along roadsides, occasionally in full sun. It is shade-tolerant, and generally requires some shade; it is not commonly found in sunny habitats. It cannot tolerate acidic soils. The invasion of forests usually begins along the wood's edge, and progresses via streams, campgrounds, and trails.
Life History and Effects of Invasion
This species is a biennial that produces hundreds of seeds per plant. The seeds are believed to be dispersed on the fur of large animals such as deer, horses, and squirrels, by flowing water and by human activities. In our areas, seeds lie dormant for 20 months prior to germination, and may remain viable for five years. Seeds germinate in early April. First-year plants appear as basal rosettes in the summer season. First-year plants remain green through the following winter, making it possible to check for the presence of this plant in your woods throughout the year. Garlic mustard begins vegetative growth early in the spring, and blooms in southern Wisconsin from May through early June. Fruits begin to ripen in mid-July, and are disseminated through August. Viable seeds are produced within days of initial flowering.Garlic Mustard is a rapidly spreading woodland weed that is displacing native woodland wildflowers in Wisconsin. It dominates the forest floor and can displace most native herbaceous species within ten years. This plant is a major threat to the survival of Wisconsin's woodland herbaceous flora and the wildlife that depend on it. There are two modes of spread: an advancing front, and satellite population expansion possibly facilitated by small animals. Unlike other plants that invade disturbed habitats, garlic mustard readily spreads into high quality forests.
Controlling Garlic Mustard
Mechanical Control
Minor infestations can be eradicated by hand pulling at or before the onset of flowering, or by cutting the flower stalk as close to the soil surface as possible just as flowering begins (cutting a couple inches above ground level is not quite as effective). Cutting prior to this time may promote resprouting.Cutting flowering plants at the ground level has resulted in 99% mortality and eliminates seed production. A scythe, monofilament weed whip, or power brush cutter may be helpful if the infestation covers a large area. When pulling, the upper half of the root must be removed in order to stop buds at the root crown from sending up new flower stalks. Pulling is very labor intensive, and can result in soil disturbance, damaging desirable species, and bringing up seeds from the seed bank. These results can be partially prevented by thoroughly tamping soil after pulling. If, however, seed bank depletion is desired, leave the soil in a disturbed state to encourage further germination, and return annually to remove the plants. In general, cutting is less destructive than pulling as a control method, but can be done only during flower stalk elongation. Pulling can be done at any time when the soil is not frozen. If flowering has progressed to the point that viable seed exists, remove the cut or pulled plants from the area. Because seeds remain viable for five years, it is essential that an area be monitored and plants removed for at least five years after the initial control effort.
© John M. Randall/The Nature Conservancy
For larger infestations, fall or early spring burning may be effective. First year plants are killed by fire, if the fire is hot enough to remove all leaf litter. However, the bare soil enhances survival of seedlings that germinate after the fire, and the total population may increase after the fire. Dense populations may be controlled more effectively by fall burning, when leaf litter provides adequate fuel. Spring burns should be conducted early enough to minimize possible injury to spring wildflowers. Three to five years of burning are required, and should be followed by hand-pulling or cutting of small populations produced from the seed bank. Garlic mustard plants hit by fire are generally killed. Because most woodland fires are patchy, flame torches may be useful in areas not burned in entirety.
Chemical Control
Several infestations can be controlled by applying 1-2% active ingredient (a.i.) solution of glyphosate to the foliage of individual plants and dense patches during late fall or early spring. At these times, most native plants are dormant, but garlic mustard is green and vulnerable. Glyphosate is a nonselective herbicide that will kill non-target plants if it comes into contact with them. Managers should exercise caution during application, and not spray so heavily that herbicide drips off the target species. Herbicide use is safest for native plants if done during the dormant season, as garlic mustard will grow as long as there is no snow cover and the temperature is greater than 35[SUP]o[/SUP]F. An early spring application of tricolopyr at a 1% a.i. concentration in solution with water has been used, resulting in a 92% rosette mortality rate.
Biological Control: Plans for research on biological control are currently underway at Cornell University, but funding is still being sought at this time.
Description
Garlic mustard is a cool-season biennial herb that ranges from 12 to 48 inches in height as an adult flowering plant. Leaves and stems emit the distinctive odor of onion or garlic when crushed (particularly in spring and early summer), and help distinguish the plant from all other woodland mustard plants. First year plants consist of a cluster of 3 or 4 round, scallop edged leaves rising 2 to 4 inches in a rosette. Second-year plants generally produce one or two flowering stems with numerous white flowers that have four separate petals. Garlic mustard is the only plant of this height in our woods with white flowers in May. Fruits are slender capsules 1 to 2.5 inches long that produce a single row of oblong black seeds with ridged seed coats. Stem leaves are alternate and triangular in shape, have large teeth, and can be 2 to 3 inches across in fruiting plants. Petioles are longer on the leaves towards the base. Garlic mustard can also be distinguished by its uproot, which is slender, white, and "s"-shaped at the top of the root.
Distribution and Habitat
Garlic mustard is an exotic species introduced from Europe presumably by early settlers for its supposed medicinal properties and for use in cooking. It is widely distributed throughout the northeastern and Midwestern U.S. from Canada to South Carolina and west to Kansas, North Dakota, and as far as Colorado and Utah. In Wisconsin, the plant is currently concentrated in the southeastern and northeastern counties, although distribution records indicate its presence is nearly statewideGarlic mustard grows in upland and floodplain forests, savannas, yards, and along roadsides, occasionally in full sun. It is shade-tolerant, and generally requires some shade; it is not commonly found in sunny habitats. It cannot tolerate acidic soils. The invasion of forests usually begins along the wood's edge, and progresses via streams, campgrounds, and trails.
Life History and Effects of Invasion
This species is a biennial that produces hundreds of seeds per plant. The seeds are believed to be dispersed on the fur of large animals such as deer, horses, and squirrels, by flowing water and by human activities. In our areas, seeds lie dormant for 20 months prior to germination, and may remain viable for five years. Seeds germinate in early April. First-year plants appear as basal rosettes in the summer season. First-year plants remain green through the following winter, making it possible to check for the presence of this plant in your woods throughout the year. Garlic mustard begins vegetative growth early in the spring, and blooms in southern Wisconsin from May through early June. Fruits begin to ripen in mid-July, and are disseminated through August. Viable seeds are produced within days of initial flowering.Garlic Mustard is a rapidly spreading woodland weed that is displacing native woodland wildflowers in Wisconsin. It dominates the forest floor and can displace most native herbaceous species within ten years. This plant is a major threat to the survival of Wisconsin's woodland herbaceous flora and the wildlife that depend on it. There are two modes of spread: an advancing front, and satellite population expansion possibly facilitated by small animals. Unlike other plants that invade disturbed habitats, garlic mustard readily spreads into high quality forests.
Controlling Garlic Mustard
Mechanical Control
Minor infestations can be eradicated by hand pulling at or before the onset of flowering, or by cutting the flower stalk as close to the soil surface as possible just as flowering begins (cutting a couple inches above ground level is not quite as effective). Cutting prior to this time may promote resprouting.Cutting flowering plants at the ground level has resulted in 99% mortality and eliminates seed production. A scythe, monofilament weed whip, or power brush cutter may be helpful if the infestation covers a large area. When pulling, the upper half of the root must be removed in order to stop buds at the root crown from sending up new flower stalks. Pulling is very labor intensive, and can result in soil disturbance, damaging desirable species, and bringing up seeds from the seed bank. These results can be partially prevented by thoroughly tamping soil after pulling. If, however, seed bank depletion is desired, leave the soil in a disturbed state to encourage further germination, and return annually to remove the plants. In general, cutting is less destructive than pulling as a control method, but can be done only during flower stalk elongation. Pulling can be done at any time when the soil is not frozen. If flowering has progressed to the point that viable seed exists, remove the cut or pulled plants from the area. Because seeds remain viable for five years, it is essential that an area be monitored and plants removed for at least five years after the initial control effort.
© John M. Randall/The Nature Conservancy
For larger infestations, fall or early spring burning may be effective. First year plants are killed by fire, if the fire is hot enough to remove all leaf litter. However, the bare soil enhances survival of seedlings that germinate after the fire, and the total population may increase after the fire. Dense populations may be controlled more effectively by fall burning, when leaf litter provides adequate fuel. Spring burns should be conducted early enough to minimize possible injury to spring wildflowers. Three to five years of burning are required, and should be followed by hand-pulling or cutting of small populations produced from the seed bank. Garlic mustard plants hit by fire are generally killed. Because most woodland fires are patchy, flame torches may be useful in areas not burned in entirety.
Chemical Control
Several infestations can be controlled by applying 1-2% active ingredient (a.i.) solution of glyphosate to the foliage of individual plants and dense patches during late fall or early spring. At these times, most native plants are dormant, but garlic mustard is green and vulnerable. Glyphosate is a nonselective herbicide that will kill non-target plants if it comes into contact with them. Managers should exercise caution during application, and not spray so heavily that herbicide drips off the target species. Herbicide use is safest for native plants if done during the dormant season, as garlic mustard will grow as long as there is no snow cover and the temperature is greater than 35[SUP]o[/SUP]F. An early spring application of tricolopyr at a 1% a.i. concentration in solution with water has been used, resulting in a 92% rosette mortality rate.
Biological Control: Plans for research on biological control are currently underway at Cornell University, but funding is still being sought at this time.
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